Afterword: The political economy of countering transnational organized crime in Africa.

This article examines the impact of countering transnational organized crime (TOC) in Africa and challenges the assumption that it promotes peace, security, and development. It argues that conventional anti-TOC strategies can be ineffective and harmful to local communities and economies. The article also highlights how the international counter-TOC agenda has criminalized livelihoods and economies in Africa, particularly affecting marginalized groups. It emphasizes the need for a critical understanding of TOC and its effects on politics, society, and the economy in African countries. Additionally, the article discusses the relationship between organized crime and capitalism, suggesting that neoliberal reforms imposed by international financial institutions and Western donors contribute to the social and economic problems that fuel organized crime. It calls for a broader analysis that includes corporate crime in discussions of organized crime. [Extracted from the article]