Teorijske postavke o intelektualnim teškoćama.

In this paper, theoretical propositions about children with intellectual disabilities are presented, in order to define and clarify the four levels of intellectual disabilities, as well as their specificities and differences. Emphasis is also placed on the etiology and prevalence of intellectual disabilities, and the characteristics of children with intellectual disabilities. According to DSM-V, intellectual disability is a chronic condition characterized by deficits in general intellectual abilities such as planning, abstract thinking, learning based on experience, reasoning, and problem solving, impairments in intellectual functioning and difficulties in adaptive functioning that are present during the developmental period. In our areas, children with mild intellectual disabilities are generally not identified before starting school, and even later. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is no single register on the number of people with intellectual disabilities, so it is not possible to reliably know the number of people in relation to the type and level of disability. The characteristics of children with intellectual disabilities relate to the level of their intellectual impairment, and are related to their intelligence quotient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]