Enzymes inhibitory capabilities of phenolics from Plumbago indica L. and Plumbago auriculata Lam.: In-vitro studies and molecular docking.

The hydroalcoholic roots' extracts of Plumbago indica L. and P. auriculata Lam. were studied for phenolic profiles using the HPLC technique and enzyme inhibitory activities using in-vitro and in -silico models. HPLC analyses of both extracts revealed the presence of fifteen and thirteen phenolic compounds for P. indica and P. auriculata , respectively. P. indica root extract contained Catechin (5321.63 µg/g) and Gallic acid (4616.29 µg/g) while P. auriculata root extract showed rutin (1505.46 µg/g) and ellagic acid (1390.72 µg/g) as the major compounds. The enzyme inhibitory assays showed that both Plumbago species have enzyme inhibition activities against all tested enzymes; acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and xanthine oxidase. The superior activity was accounted for by P. indica. with I.C. 50 values of 138.63, 25.69, 169.31, 90.31, 197.66, and 55.68 µg/ml while the inhibitory potential of P. auriculata was the lowest with I.C. 50 equal to 152.75, 36.32, 179.71, 103.71, 217.23, and 74.88 µg/ml, respectively for acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and xanthine oxidase. The docking studies showed promising results for certain compounds. These findings imply that these extracts have the potential to act as enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of disorders associated with them. [Display omitted] • Phenolic compounds were identified from the Plumbago species. • Both Plumbago species have enzyme inhibitory activities a by certain compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]