The rise and fall of social movements: A tribute to Alain Touraine (1925–2023).

Alain Touraine, a prominent French sociologist, passed away at the age of 97. He was known for his theories on social movements and the production of society through social conflicts and cultural choices. Touraine developed the concept of "actionalism" as a theoretical perspective for analyzing large-scale social change. He studied the transition from industrial to post-industrial society, theorized the "new social movements," and advocated for sociological intervention as a method of action research. Touraine was a public intellectual and engaged in various social and political struggles throughout his life. [Extracted from the article]