Associations of chronic exposure to a mixture of pesticides and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese elderly population.

Epidemiological studies have related exposure to pesticides to increased risk of diabetes. However, few studies have evaluated the health effects of mixed pesticides exposure, especially in an elderly population. Here, we utilized gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify the levels of 39 pesticides in 4 categories in a Chinese elderly population. Then we used general linear models to explore the association between individual pesticide exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were fitted to identify potential non-linearities between those associations. Furthermore, stratified analysis by gender was conducted to explore the gender-specific associations. Finally, we used weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to evaluate the effects of mixed exposure to 39 pesticides. The results showed that exposure to pesticides was associated with high risk of T2DM, with β-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-BHC) and oxadiazon being the most significant independent contributors, which was pronounced among elderly women. Moreover, the association of β-BHC and oxadiazon with T2DM was linear. These indicated that it is an urgent need to take practical measures to control these harmful pesticides. [Display omitted] • The exposure profile included 39 pesticides, including OPPs, OCPs, herbicides, and pyrethroid. • Mixture analyses were suggestive of positive joint effects of pesticides on T2DM. • The positive correlation of β-BHC and oxadiazole with T2DM was linear. • The adverse effect of pesticides on T2DM was more pronounced in elderly women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]