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Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes as Initial Presentation of Tumors: An Eight-Year Single-Center Experience.
- Source :
-
Journal of Clinical Medicine . Feb2024, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p824. 13p. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background: Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes (PNS) comprise a diverse group of disorders propagated by immune-mediated effects of malignant tumors on neural tissue. Methods: A single-center longitudinal study was performed including consecutive adult patients treated at a tertiary academic hospital between 2015 and 2023 and diagnosed with PNS. PNS were ascertained using the 2004 and the revised 2021 PNS-Care diagnostic criteria. Results: Thirteen patients who fulfilled the 2004 definite PNS criteria were included. PNS comprise diverse neurological syndromes, with neuromuscular junction disorders (54%) and limbic encephalitis (31%) being predominant. PNS-related antibodies were detected in 85% of cases, including anti-AChR (n = 4), anti-P/Q-VGCC (n = 3), anti-Hu (n = 3), anti-Yo (n = 1), anti-Ma (n = 1), anti-titin (n = 1), anti-IgLON5 (n = 1), and anti-GAD65 (n = 1). Thymoma (31%), small-cell lung cancer (23%), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (18%) were the most frequent tumors. Imaging abnormalities were evident in 33% of cases. Early immunotherapy within 4-weeks from symptom onset was associated with favorable outcomes. At a mean follow-up of 2 ± 1 years, two patients with anti-Hu and anti-Yo antibodies died (18%). Four and three patients fulfilled the 2021 PNS-Care diagnostic criteria for definite and probable PNS, respectively. Conclusions: This study highlights the clinical heterogeneity of PNS, emphasizing the need for early suspicion and prompt treatment initiation for optimal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20770383
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175369752
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030824