Recycled wax use in the Indonesian batik production process: Eco-efficiency analysis.

Batik Merak Manis is a hand-drawn and stamped batik small company located in Kampoeng Batik Laweyan. Hand-drawn and stamped batik employ different wax raw materials in their manufacture. Hand-drawn batik is made with new wax, while stamped batik is made with recycled wax. Inefficiencies exist throughout the manufacturing process. This study seeks to calculate eco-efficiency and propose Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) improvement initiatives. The Life Cycle Assessment approach is used to compare the environmental implications of hand-drawn and stamped batik production. Simapro 9.1.1.7 was used to process the data. Hand-drawn batik had an environmental cost of Rp 13.592.098,603 while stamped batik had an eco cost of Rp 12.134.692,196. The Eco-Efficiency Index for hand-drawn batik is 1.14, while stamped batik has an Eco-Efficiency Index of 1.3, indicating that both forms of batik techniques are economical and sustainable. Hand-drawn batik has an Eco-Efficiency Ratio of 13 percent, but stamped batik has a value of 24 percent, indicating that the stamped batik production process is more efficient. The findings of this study propose ways for Batik Merak Manis to improve its eco-efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]