High piezoelectricity of 3D printed BaTiO3-xBaSnO3 piezoceramics via vat photopolymerization.

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) has made significant achievements in the fabrication of BaTiO 3 ceramics. However, the piezoelectric performance of pure BaTiO 3 ceramics fabricated by VPP technology is poor. In this work, the piezoelectric properties of printed BaTiO 3 ceramic were significantly improved by using the strategies of material modification. BaTiO 3 -xBaSnO 3 (BT-xBS) green bodies with high quality were obtained under the conditions of a photoinitiator content of 2 wt% and an exposure energy of 100 mJ/cm2. The Curie peak of BT-xBS samples gradually moved to low temperature and the peak gradually widened. Piezoelectric constant (d 33) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the maximum value appeared in BT-6BS samples. BT-6BS samples exhibited the excellent piezoelectric performance with piezoelectric constant (d 33), piezoelectric voltage constant (g 33) and transduction coefficient (d 33 × g 33) reaching 283 pC/N, 15.02 × 10−3 Vm/N and 4.25 × 10−12 m2/N, respectively, which are 57%, 14% and 79% higher than those of printed pure BaTiO 3 ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]