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Visual monitoring of biocatalytic processes using small molecular fluorescent probes: strategies-mechanisms-applications.
- Source :
-
Chemical Communications . 3/11/2024, Vol. 60 Issue 20, p2716-2731. 16p. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- Real-time monitoring of biocatalytic-based processes is significantly improved and simplified when they can be visualized. Visual monitoring can be achieved by integrating a fluorescent unit with the biocatalyst. Herein, we outline the design strategies of fluorescent probes for monitoring biocatalysis: (1) probes for monitoring biocatalytic transfer: γ-glutamine is linked to the fluorophore as both a recognition group and for intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) inhibition; the probe is initially in an off state and is activated via the transfer of the γ-glutamine group and the release of the free amino group, which results in restoration of the "Donor–π–Acceptor" (D–π–A) system and fluorescence recovery. (2) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic oxidation: a propylamine is connected to the fluorophore as a recognition group, which cages the hydroxyl group, leading to the inhibition of ICT; propylamine is oxidized and subsequently β-elimination occurs, resulting in exposure of the hydroxyl group and fluorescence recovery. (3) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic reduction: a nitro group attached to a fluorophore as a fluorescence quenching group, this is converted to an amino group by catalytic reduction, resulting in fluorescence recovery. (4) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic hydrolysis: β- D -galactopyranoside or phosphate acts as a recognition group attached to hydroxyl groups of the fluorophore; the subsequent biocatalytic hydrolysis reaction releases the hydroxyl group resulting in fluorescence recovery. Following these 4 mechanisms, fluorophores including cyanine, coumarin, rhodamine, and Nile-red, have been used to develop systems for monitoring biocatalytic reactions. We anticipate that these strategies will result in systems able to rapidly diagnose and facilitate the treatment of serious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13597345
- Volume :
- 60
- Issue :
- 20
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Chemical Communications
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175850038
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cc05626k