PREVALENCIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO Y DIAGNÓSTICO DE INFECCIÓN POR CITOMEGALOVIRUS EN MUJERES EMBARAZADAS.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading cause of congenital infection worldwide, with a very high incidence rate in pregnant women. For this reason, the aim of the study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. A bibliographic search of scientific articles published in the databases PubMed, SciELO, Springer, Google Scholar, VHL, Dialnet was carried out, connecting the keywords TORCH, cytomegalovirus, virus, pregnant women, neonates, AND, OR and NOT were also used. The results included a total of 51 articles in which it was found that the Asian continent had a rate of 0.22%-100% CMV infection, in the American continent it was 1.6%-96.9%, in Africa 6.9% was found. For diagnosis, enzyme-linked enzyme immunoassays or known by its acronym "ELISA" were highlighted. The most frequent risk factors were low socioeconomic status and living in rural areas. In conclusion, cytomegalovirus infection is higher in developing countries, due to poverty and living conditions, and thecin ELISA should be used as a standard for the diagnosis of this virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]