The neurotransmitter puzzle of Alzheimer's: Dissecting mechanisms and exploring therapeutic horizons.

[Display omitted] • Offered detailed examination of various neurotransmitter pathways implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, including cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems. • Explored the dual role of microglia in Alzheimer's progression, highlighting their neuroprotective and neuroinflammatory actions and their therapeutic potential. • Discussed the emerging significance of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in AD, emphasizing their role in cognitive functions and potential as therapeutic targets. • Critically assessed the existing therapeutic strategies for AD, including NMDA inhibitors and anti-amyloid therapies, and explores promising future interventions. • Addressed the impact of AD beyond biological aspects, considering emotional, psychological, and social factors, and emphasizing the importance of holistic patient care. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) represents a complex interplay of neurological pathways and molecular mechanisms, with significant impacts on patients' lives. This review synthesizes the latest developments in AD research, focusing on both the scientific advancements and their clinical implications. We examine the role of microglia in AD, highlighting their contribution to the disease's inflammatory aspects. The cholinergic hypothesis, a cornerstone of AD research, is re-evaluated, including the role of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in disease progression. This review places particular emphasis on the neurotransmission systems, exploring the therapeutic potential of GABAergic neurotransmitters and the role of NMDA inhibitors in the context of glutamatergic neurotransmission. By analyzing the interactions and implications of neurotransmitter pathways in AD, we aim to shed light on emerging therapeutic strategies. In addition to molecular insights, the review addresses the clinical and personal aspects of AD, underscoring the need for patient-centered approaches in treatment and care. The final section looks at the future directions of AD research and treatment, discussing the integration of scientific innovation with patient care. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update on AD, merging scientific insights with practical considerations, suitable for both specialists and those new to the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]