Akute und chronische Kniescheibeninstabilität: Diagnostik, konservative Therapie und chirurgische Konzepte von Schäden des MPFL, von Trochleadysplasien sowie anderen knöchernen Pathologien.

Instabilities and dislocations of the patella are highly debilitating. They lead to injuries of the joint cartilage, osteochondral fractures, recurrent instability, pain, loss of sports ability, reduced daily activity, and finally to patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Dysplasia of the patellar groove, other bony deformities, and damage to the ligaments stabilizing the patella are important causes of this progressive disease. The knowledge and therapeutic options surrounding this topic have significantly expanded in recent years. Both in acute situations and in cases of chronic recurrence, good diagnostics are essential to enable appropriate conservative or surgical treatment. Surgically, it is important to address relevant findings in terms of a „à la carte“ surgery. The most important procedures include bony corrections of the patellar groove, or trochleoplasties, as well as several other bony correction procedures. Equally important are reconstructions of the medial patellofemoral ligament, which is often damaged and represents the main band stabilizer of the patella. This CME article describes the essential diagnostic steps, different therapeutic concepts, and the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]