Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Reproductive-age Women with Menstrual Disorders - A Case Control Study.

Background: Thyroid hormones play a vital role in regulating female reproductive function, and thyroid disorders are known to disrupt menstrual cycles. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common issue among women seeking gynecological care, with various manifestations including menorrhagia and oligomenorrhea. The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and AUB, particularly hypothyroidism, has been established in clinical observations. Method: This casecontrol study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in women experiencing irregular uterine bleeding. Women aged 19-45 with menstrual abnormalities, excluding organic pathologies, were recruited as cases, while agematched women with normal menstrual cycles served as controls. Thyroid function tests and menstrual pattern assessments were conducted, and data were analyzed using statistical methods. Result: Among the study participants, 22% of the case group had thyroid dysfunction compared to 8% in the control group, indicating a significant difference. Hypothyroidism was the most prevalent type of thyroid dysfunction, with menorrhagia being the most common menstrual pattern observed among women with hypothyroidism and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Conclusion: The study establishes a notable association between thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Screening for thyroid function in women presenting with menstrual irregularities could aid in early detection and management of thyroid disorders, potentially improving reproductive health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]