氮肥减施与替代对马铃薯农田土壤理化性状及产量品质的影响.

[Objective] To assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and substitution on potato field soil physicochemical properties, potato yield and potato quality in the north foot of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia. (Methods] The experiment was carried out in Wuchuan dryland experiment station of Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences. Seven treatments were set up, including conventional fertilization (NPK, CK), no nitrogen fertilization (PK), reduced nitrogen fertilization (RN), reduced nitrogen fertilization+water-soluble fertilizer (RN+WF), reduced nitrogen fertilization+ decomposed sheep manure organic fertilizer (RN+SM), reduced nitrogen fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer (RN+BM), and reduced nitrogen fertilization+controlled release urea (RN+RUN). The impacts of reduced nitrogen fertilization and partial substitution of nitrogen fertilizer with different fertilizers on soil bulk density, total porosity, available nutrients, organic matter as well as potato yield and quality were evaluated. [Results] The soil bulk density and total porosity of RN+BM treatment were significantly (P<0.05) higher than other treatments. In comparison with NPK treatment, RN+RUN treatment significantly (P<0.05) elevated the available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content in the 10-20 cm soil layer by 1.62%, 2.38% and 1.54%, respectively. RN+BM treatment had the highest increase of organic matter content in the 0-10 cm soil layer, with an increase of 2.45% compared with NPK treatment. RN+BM treatment significantly (P<0.05) improved the potato yield and quality. In comparison with NPK treatment, the potato yield improved by 16.95%, VC, starch, crude protein and reducing sugar content increased by 15.92%,2.96%, 16.26% and 6.67% respectively, and nitrate content decreased by 7.89%. [Conclusion] Reduced nitrogen fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer effectively improved potato field soil physicochemical properties, improved potato yield and quality, was the suitable fertilization pattern for potato cultivation in the north foot of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]