Paleo-vegetation and paleo-climate characteristics of Cretaceous and Paleogene strata in several typical basins in China: palynological evidence.

The paleovegetation and paleoclimate characteristics are studied in the Palaeogene strata of Hetao Basin, Subei Basin and Qaidam Basin in China, and the Cretaceous Guyang Formation (K1g) in the Hetao Basin. These three basins receive high attention, different distribution areas, representative. Pollen evidence shows that: (1) The sporopollen assemblage of Palaeogene Linhe Formation (E3l) in Hetao Basin is characterised by Pinaceae-Ephedripites-Ulmipollenites-Chenopodipollis. It reflects that the ancient vegetation types were mainly coniferous and evergreen woody plants, and the climate was cold temperature. The sporopollen assemblage characteristics of the upper member of the Palaeogene Xiaganchaigou Formation (E32) in the Qaidam Basin are similar to it. (2) The sporopollen characteristics of the K1g in the Hetao Basin reflect that its ancient vegetation was dominated by evergreen woody plants and belongs to a warm and humid subtropical climate. (3) The assemblage of Palaeocene Funing Formation (E1f) in Subei Basin was Pterisisporites undulatus-Ulmipollenites minor-Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus. The climate type was humid north temperate climate, vegetation was mainly deciduous trees and evergreen woody plants. (4) Leiosphaeridia/Granodiscus, Pediastrum and Botryococcus were also detected in the E1f of Subei Basin. The appearance of these algae indicates the special saline water environment and good hydrocarbon potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]