减污降碳协同效应综合评估的研究综述与展望.

The reduction of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants is an important component of environmental and climate governance. Synergizing the reduction of air pollution and carbon emissions is a general starting point for advancing the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, which is helpful for the construction of a beautiful China and the achievement of the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. This paper systematically reviews the concept, category, and quantitative evaluation methods of promoting the synergistic effects of air pollution control and carbon emission reduction, and compares the characteristics and applicability of comprehensive top-down, bottom-up, and mixed synergistic effect evaluation models. We also analyzed and summarized the application of synergistic effects in policies to achieve a single target and collaborative control in various countries, with the purpose of providing empirical guidance for China's relevant policies to exert synergistic governance effects. From a technical perspective and combining the direct and indirect links between pollutants and greenhouse gases, this paper analyzes the deep-rooted causes of the synergistic effects, explores the driving forces of key industries such as electric power, industry, and transportation to help reduce pollution and carbon emissions, and summarizes four key scientific issues in comprehensive evaluations of synergistic effects from a management science perspective. The standardization of the comprehensive evaluation process and the interdisciplinary intersection of various evaluation processes reflect the complexity of the evaluations, and it is necessary to analyze the production and transmission processes of greenhouse gases and pollutants, as well as the direct and indirect links between the two and their mechanisms impacting health. The diversity of time, space, and evaluation object selection in comprehensive evaluations leads to uncertainty in the results. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on gradually mature big data collection and storage technology to strengthen the synergistic control and quantitative mapping of the impact on emission levels, health levels, emission reduction costs, and agricultural and ecological systems. Enhancing the comparability of comprehensive evaluations is conducive to the mutual confirmation and comparative analysis of different results. It is also necessary to reasonably calculate the comprehensive benefits of synergistic control in different dimensions. The focus of evaluations at the national, regional, and urban levels varies greatly, so it is necessary to clarify the pollution and carbon reduction governance system and strengthen the hierarchical nature of the evaluations in order to promote more scientific implementation of policies by management departments at all levels to achieve the synergistic effects of carbon emission reduction and air pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]