An injectable CS-hydrogel incorporating TPGS for cartilage repair.

[Display omitted] • Pioneered use of intra-articular injection of D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) to treat osteoarthritis. • Applied a hybrid hydrogel incorporated with TPGS (TPGS@CS-hydrogel) to repair cartilage defect. • TPGS@CS-hydrogel resulted in excellent cartilage repair outcomes. • The chondrogenic capacity of mesenchymal stem cell improved in TPGS@CS-hydorgel. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and degenerative disease associated with articular cartilage injury. Current conservative or surgical treatments cannot effectively terminate the progress of OA, usually leading to total joint replacement at the end stage. Also, it is still challenging to treat cartilage defect for it demands a dual-pronged approach which simultaneously addresses both cartilage repair and the relief of osteochondral inflammation. In this study, we embarked on a pioneering exploration of D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), an FDA-approved, water-soluble derivative of natural vitamin E. TPGS was found to effectively relieve inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. We further extended the application of TPGS by establishing an injectable collagen-chondroitin sulfate (CS) hydrogel incorporated with TPGS (TPGS@CS-hydrogel), and achieved excellent cartilage repair. RNA-seq showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of TPGS@CS-hydrogel were related to the interruption of interplay of oxidative stress and inflammation, thus promoting cartilage regeneration. In conclusion, both TPGS and TPGS@CS-hydrogel provided new insights for the prevention and treatment of articular inflammation and cartilage lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]