Investigation of chemical composition, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, antihemolytic and antibacterial activities of essential oil and ethanol extract from aerial parts of Algerian Ammoides verticillata (Brot.) Breistr.

The essential oil (EO) and ethanolic extract (EE) of Algerian Ammoides verticillata (Brot.) Breistr. were investigated for chemical composition and biological activities. GC and GC/MS analyses of the EO revealed thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, limonene, and γ-terpinene as major compounds. HPLC/DAD/UV analysis of EE identified luteolin 7-O-glucoside as the most prominent component. The EO showed moderate inhibition activity against acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BChE) compared to galanthamine, while no activity for EE was observed. Both extracts showed higher to similar antioxidant activity to that of BHT in DPPH and ABTS•+ radical scavenging activity and ferric and copper reduction power. Nevertheless, weak β-carotene bleaching inhibition activity was noted for both extracts. Additionally, the EE displayed a significant antihemolytic effect against AAPH-induced hemolysis. Moreover, EO and EE showed high and no antibacterial activities, respectively. Thus, A. verticillata might represent a useful material in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]