Development of Personalized Strategies for Precisely Battling Malignant Melanoma.

Simple Summary: Precision oncology is emerging as a viable option to improve survival in patients who fail to remain disease-free even after the employment of currently available treatments. Such an alternative is particularly essential for patients with melanoma, where recurrence and progression of the disease following the development of acquired resistance are common. In this review, we aim to address the treatments available to patients diagnosed with melanoma and discuss promising treatment options that rely on specific and individualized approaches to treatment, particularly for the subset of patients who experience therapy failure due to acquired resistance. Melanoma is the most severe and fatal form of skin cancer, resulting from multiple gene mutations with high intra-tumor and inter-tumor molecular heterogeneity. Treatment options for patients whose disease has progressed beyond the ability for surgical resection rely on currently accepted standard therapies, notably immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies. Acquired resistance to these therapies and treatment-associated toxicity necessitate exploring novel strategies, especially those that can be personalized for specific patients and/or populations. Here, we review the current landscape and progress of standard therapies and explore what personalized oncology techniques may entail in the scope of melanoma. Our purpose is to provide an up-to-date summary of the tools at our disposal that work to circumvent the common barriers faced when battling melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]