Complex heat transfer in a bath under arcs of high-power arc steel-melting furnaces.: Part III. evaporation of metal under arcs and influence of the absorption coefficient of the furnace atmosphere on flow density.

This paper presents examples from the practice of operating arc steel-smelting furnaces (EAFs), verifying the hypothesis on the complex heat exchange of arcs in spherical segments in the bath. The thermal radiation of arcs in spherical segments is converted into convective and thermal conduction flows, heating the entire volume of metal and slag. No more than 3%–4% of the arc power is spent on evaporation of the metal under the arcs, while 76–78% of the arc power is converted into convective and thermal conduction flows that heat the bath. The metal waste under the arcs is 8–9%, in which 91–92% of the metal waste is accounted for in the zones of exposure to the bath with oxygen. With an oxygen consumption of 10–15 m3/t in the EAF, metal waste is 3%; with an increase in oxygen consumption to 50 m3/t, metal waste increases by 2.5–4 times to 7.5–12%. With an increase in the absorption coefficient of the gaseous atmosphere of the DSP-100 furnace, the maximum density of thermal radiation fluxes from the arcs to the walls decreases proportionally. With an increase in the height of the slag layer by 3.7 times, the maximum density of thermal radiation fluxes of the arcs on the water-cooled wall panels decreases by 2.6 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]