Trends and correlations of extreme rainfall and hydrometeorological disasters in Padang from 2008 to 2020.

Hydrometeorological disasters resulting from extreme rainfall frequently occur in the city of Padang. Nevertheless, research concerning the correlation between the trend of extreme indices and trends in hydrometeorological disasters in Padang remains challenging. Consequently, this study analyzes extreme weather trends and hydrometeorological disasters in Padang from 2008-2020. The study utilizes rainfall data from the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) and hydrometeorological disaster data from the National Disaster Management Agency (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana-BNPB). We used the extreme rainfall indices developed by the Expert Team for Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI), namely PRCPTOT, R85P, R95P, R99P, CWD, CDD, R1mm, R10mm, R20mm, R50mm, RX1Day, RX5Day, and SDII. The studied hydrometeorological disasters encompass floods, landslides, and tornadoes. As the hydrometeorological disaster data are available at the district/city level, the extreme indices are also averaged across the Padang city area. The trends of extreme indices and hydrometeorological disasters are computed using Sen's slope method. The influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) on extreme indices and hydrometeorological disasters is also analyzed. The majority of extreme rainfall indices such as PRCPTOT, R85P, R95P, R99P, CDD, R20mm, R50mm, RX1Day, RX5Day, and SDII exhibit a decreasing trend during the period 2008-2020. Positive trends are observed for the CWD, R1mm, R10mm, R20mm, and PRCPTOT indices. Pearson's correlation test revealed a positive correlation between CWD-Flood, CWD-Landslide, CWD-Tornado, R1mm-Flood, R1mm-Tornado, R10mm-Flood, R10-Landslide, R20mm-Flood and PRCPTOT-Flood. The active MJO significantly impacts CWD, R1mm, R10mm, R20mm, and PRCPTOT indices, correlating with flood, landslide, and tornado disasters in Padang [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]