Phytochemical Compounds of Horseradish with Potential Application in Biotechnology.

Horseradish (Armocia Rusticana), is an edible plant from the Basicacea family. Horseradish is a very rich source of vitamins and minerals (vitamin C, vitamin B6, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium), enzymes, isothiocyanates, glycosylates, flavonoids, pigments, oils, etc. Horseradish through its bioactive compounds provides antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. The biologically active compounds extracted from roots and leaves of horseradish can find applications in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical and agrochemical industries. Extraction from plant sources is a complex field involving various techniques to successfully obtain essential compounds and substances from live or dried plants. For the extraction of biologically active compounds, aqueous buffer systems are used (in a neutral, weakly basic environment - monosodium phosphate-disodium phosphate buffer solution, in an acidic environment citric acid-disodium phosphate buffer solution), organic solvents (tetrahydrofuran, benzene, methyl alcohol, etc.), eutectic solvents (ChCl: urea, ChCl: acetamide, ChCl: ethylene glycol, etc.), supercritical solvents (CO2). Regardless of the solvent used, it must be nontoxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and sustainable. The bioactive compounds from horseradish are versatile and are of particular importance in many industrial fields, but also in research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]