Dual-band THz-massive MIMO antenna array with beamforming for 5G and beyond networks.

Beamforming combined with massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays are expected to be the most important aspects of 5G and beyond wireless networks. In this paper, an 8 × 8 massive MIMO array with beamforming is proposed for 5G and beyond wireless applications. To develop this design, the substrate of polyimide material is used having a 3.5 dielectric constant and a thickness of 0.03 mm. The proposed massive MIMO antenna array resonates at two distinct frequencies i.e. 0.8195 and 1.4675 THz with a return loss of less than − 10 dB. Performance parameters like return loss, antenna gain, directivity, bandwidth, radiation pattern and VSWR are observed. With its greater directional gain of 25.6 dB and better directivity of 25.617 dB, the proposed 8 × 8 massive MIMO has a wider bandwidth of 66.7 GHz. In addition, the proposed array's radiation efficiency is 96%, its diversity gain is 9.9999 dB, its ECC is almost zero, its CCL is less than 25 bps/Hz, its TARC is less than − 10 dB, and its CC < 0.4 bps/Hz. The results gathered demonstrate that the proposed massive MIMO antenna array can be employed successfully for a wide range of terahertz applications due to its enhanced characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]