Apodized slanted teeth grating couplers for LiDAR applications.

Solid state LiDAR systems traditionally rely on costly active components for efficient beam scanning. In this study, we propose a cost-effective, purely passive steering approach using apodized slanted grating couplers. Through apodization, we achieve a uniform upward emission profile and enhanced upward transmission. Theoretical calculations indicate successful steering of 91. 5 ∘ × 42. 8 ∘ . Experimental results closely match theoretical predictions, validating the capabilities of our passive steering concept. Additionally, the grating couplers, with a length of 3 mm, enable a farfield FWHM of 0.026 ∘ , further enhancing sensing resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]