Optimization of nano-graphene loading in PLA-graphene composites for fused deposition modeling based application.

This study explores the reinforcement potential of nano graphene in a poly latic acid (PLA) matrix. The present work introduces a framework to select reinforcement for the formation of composite that will be feasible to manufacture by using additive manufacturing. Main objective of this research work is to develop the composition of PLA-nano graphene composite to make it feasible to be printed by fused deposition modeling based additive manufacturing. In order to achieve the same, the problem of selecting a reinforcement and constituents of composite is discussed in detail. Based on the literature review, four compositions (1.5 %, 3 %, 4.5 %, and 6 % nano-graphene by weight to PLA) are prepared to find out the optimum composition. In this study, the effects of nano graphene loading on the melt flow behaviour of PLA-graphene composites for extrusion-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) were investigated. The objective was to determine the optimal nano graphene loading that would yield the optimum melt flow index with desirable best mechanical properties. Tests have been performed for three samples of each of four compositions 1.5 %, 3 %, 4.5 %, and 6 % nano Graphene by weight to PLA. The results found that with increasing nano graphene content, both the melt flow index as well as mechanical properties increased significantly. However, when the nano graphene loading reached 6 wt%, a decrement in these parameters was observed due to the agglomeration of fillers onto each other within the composite structures. Therefore, it is concluded that out of the remaining compositions (1.5 %, 3 %, and 4.5 % nano graphene by weight to PLA), 4.5 wt% is an optimal loading level for obtaining desired processing performance and mechanical properties from PLA-graphene composites for FDM application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]