不同覆盖种植方式对马铃薯耗水特性及产量的影响.

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the effects of different cover planting methods on water consumption characteristics and yield of potatoes in arid and semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau, improve water use efficiency, and seek suitable potato planting models in arid and semi-arid areas.【Method】The experiments were conducted at the experimental base of Gansu Agricultural University in 2022.Four covering treatments were set up: ridge planting + high straw coverage (SLH), ridge planting + low straw coverage (SLL), flat planting + high straw coverage (PH), and flat planting + low straw coverage (PL). Traditional open field flat planting was used as the control (CK).【Result】The covering treatment significantly increased the soil moisture content of potato throughout the entire growth period by 0.14%-0.78% compared to CK. The covering treatment had the most prominent effect on increasing soil moisture during the tuber formation period, with an average increase of 17.85% in soil moisture content in the 0-90 cm soil layer compared to CK. Covering treatment significantly increased the soil water storage capacity of 0-180 cm throughout the entire growth period of potatoes compared to CK treatment. Among them, SLH treatment had the largest increase in tuber formation and maturity stages, with an increase of 11.54% and 11.14%, respectively. Straw mulching significantly increased potato yield by 5.24% to 26.16% compared to CK, increased water use efficiency (WUE) by 10.39% to 34.07%, and increased commercial potato yield by 2.11% to 12.88%.The coverage treatment significantly reduced the water consumption of potatoes in the early stage (sowing seedling stage) and later stage (starch accumulation maturity stage) compared to CK, and significantly increased the water consumption in the middle stage (tuber formation stage starch accumulation stage), but the overall water consumption during the entire growth period was significantly reduced. SLH, SLL, PH and PL treatments increased the total potato income by 36.99%, 20.54%, 11.12%, and 8.45%, respectively, compared to CK.【Conclusion】Covering treatment can significantly improve WUE and potato yield. Straw covering is simple, environmentally friendly, labor-saving, and can significantly increase potato planting income. Ridge planting and high straw cover (SLH) can increase WUE and potato yield to the highest extent, which is a suitable potato production planting model for promotion and use in arid and semi-arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]