Treatment of peri‐implantitis with a flapless surgical access combined with implant surface decontamination and adjunctive systemic antibiotics: A retrospective case series study.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a flapless surgical approach in the treatment of peri‐implantitis and to explore the factors influencing its outcome. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study evaluated patients with at least one implant diagnosed with peri‐implantitis and treated with a flapless surgical access, with or without systemic antimicrobials, curettage and, when needed, prostheses modification. Clinical and radiographic parameters were assessed at baseline and at 3 months and at least 12 months. The primary outcome was disease resolution (≤1 bleeding sites, probing depth [PD] ≤5 mm, no bone loss >0.5 mm). Multilevel regression analyses were used to identify predictors influencing the probability of attaining disease resolution. Results: One hundred and seventeen patients with 338 implants were included. Disease resolution was attained in 54.4% of the 338 implants receiving flapless surgical access. At the end of the follow‐up period, 111 patients (94.9%) with 295 implants (87.3%) did not require any further treatment, with 81.4% of these implants presenting PD ≤ 5 mm. History of periodontitis and PD at baseline were identified as negative predictors, while compliance with supportive peri‐implant care, a machined surface and the adjunctive use of systemic azithromycin or metronidazole were identified as positive predictive factors for disease resolution. Conclusions: A flapless surgical approach led to disease resolution in 54.4% of the implants with peri‐implantitis. Several risk/protective predictors for disease resolution were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]