Perovskite oxides with Pb at B-site as Li-ion battery anodes.

Perovskite ceramic oxides (ABO 3) have emerged as strong contenders against graphite anodes in non-aqueous metal-ion batteries. Exploring perovskites, we studied lithium insertion in barium lead oxide (BaPbO 3) and strontium lead oxide (SrPbO 3) perovskites, where lead (Pb4+) occupies the B-site. BaPbO 3 and SrPbO 3 , mass produced by solid-state or solution-combustion route, delivered reversible capacities upto 333 mAh/g and 339 mAh/g corresponding to 4.3 and 4.9 lithium uptake, respectively at room temperature. Among them, BaPbO 3 showed stable cycling for 50 cycles. Furthermore, at 50 ⁰C, BaPbO 3 delivers a first charge capacity of 382 mAh/g (or 5.6 lithium per formula unit) maintaining excellent stability beyond 50 cycles. Ex situ diffraction and microscopy studies confirm charge storage occurs via initial conversion (PbIV/PbII → Pb0) followed by reversible (de)alloying (Li–Pb) reaction. These results showcase perovskites as a promising family of Li-ion battery anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]