'One for all, all for one': A tale from the formative years of Scandinavian exercise physiology.

This article provides an overview of the development of Scandinavian exercise physiology, with a focus on the years between 1910 and 1920 and the subsequent establishment of the Rockefeller Institute in Copenhagen in 1928. Three scientists, Erik Hohwü Christensen, Marius Nielsen, and Erling Asmussen, played key roles in advancing the field during this time. Their research centered on the adaptative resetting of homeostasis across organ systems during exercise. The article also mentions the League of Nations' Health Organization's support for a research program investigating physiological responses to maximum muscular effort, which further bolstered the work of Hohwü and Nielsen. The text goes on to discuss the collaborative efforts of Hohwü, Nielsen, and Asmussen in the 1930s and 1940s, where they conducted experiments to understand the mechanisms behind the increase in cardiac output during exercise. Their studies revealed that cardiovascular function, ventilation, and thermoregulation are tightly regulated during exercise, with feedback mechanisms originating within the working skeletal muscle. Additionally, they identified a neural feedback mechanism related to the volume of involved musculature that triggers these responses. Overall, the collaboration between these three scientists led to significant advancements in the understanding of exercise physiology. [Extracted from the article]