HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF Ulva lactuca AND Spirulina platensis IN Cyprinus carpio EXPOSED TO IMAZALIL.

The objective of the current investigation was to assess the hepatoprotective capabilities of two algal species, Ulva lactuca and Spirulina platensis, in carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings subjected to imazalil exposure. Consequently, the experimental groups were simultaneously exposed to the fungicide (5mg/kg feed) and provided with feed containing either Ulva lactuca alone (IMZ-Uv variants - 5 g/kg ulva), Spirulina platensis alone (IMZ-Sp variants - 5 g/kg spirulina), or a combination of both algae (IMZ-Uv-Sp variants - 2.5 g/kg ulva and 2.5 g/kg spirulina). Two control variants were employed in the experiments: a negative control receiving normal feed and a positive control receiving feed with 5mg/kg imazalil. Each variant involved 15 fish per tank, and after the experiment, five fish from each tank were utilized for biological samples. The assessment of biochemical serum parameters and oxidative stress markers for each specimen revealed that imazalil induced alterations in biochemical parameters, resulting in physiological dysfunctions in carp. However, the administration of algae, in particular Spirulina platensis, demonstrated significant potential in mitigating the adverse effects of imazalil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]