El uso de videos en los procesos de formación docente: un análisis de las percepciones de futuros profesores en Uruguay.

The diversity of circumstances that occur in classrooms requires teachers to be capable of exercising professional judgment when assessing and addressing students' needs. A qualitative approach study was carried out between 2018 and 2023 to analyze how future teachers perceive the development of these critical skills through didactic discussions based on the analysis of classroom videos. This study examined multiple cases (n =5) based on discussions from the observation of videos of three lessons in a training course in teaching English as a foreign language at a private institution located in Montevideo, Uruguay. Using surveys (n=33) and semi-structured interviews with the participants (n=8), we investigated, using discourse analysis techniques, how they conceive the discussions of lesson videos to develop skills linked to the perception and implementation of pedagogical aspects. The two aspects perceived to be most important about video selection were authenticity and variety. We found the instances significant for the student teachers since they noted the importance of flexibly relating the theories learned with emerging needs. The findings of this research show that didactic discussions based on the use of videos of educational cases in teacher training contribute to developing skills linked to the perception of needs so that informed pedagogical decisions can be made considering the complex teaching and learning processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]