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Polyhedral magnetic nanoparticles induce apoptosis in gastric cancer stem cells and suppressing tumor growth through magnetic force generation.

Authors :
Wang, Jianhua
Hou, Qiang
Qu, Jie
Huo, Xueping
Li, Huiting
Feng, Yangmeng
Wang, Qiyu
Chang, Le
Xu, Cuixiang
Source :
Journal of Controlled Release. Sep2024, Vol. 373, p370-384. 15p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, posing challenges due to its poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were demonstrated as a subset of cancer cells responsible for tumor initiation and progression, and their inherent resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy critically contributes to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Promoting the eradication of cancer stem cells is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of cancer treatments. This study introduces a novel therapeutic strategy utilizing polyhedral magnetic nanoparticles (PMNPs) functionalized with CD44 antibodies and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to improve uptake by gastric cancer stem cells (MCSCs). PMNPs, synthesized via thermal decomposition, exhibited a diameter of 90 nm ± 9 nm and a saturation magnetization of 79.9 emu/g. Functionalization enhanced their uptake capabilities. Under a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of 15 Hz, PMNPs disrupted cellular structure, leading to apoptosis and ferroptosis in MCSCs. The in vitro studies showed significant reduction in MCSCs viability, while in vivo studies demonstrated tumor growth suppression with minimal side effects and high biocompatibility. This work presents a novel strategy for designing magnetic nanoparticles to mechanically destroy cancer stem cells, offering a more efficient and safety treatment option for gastric cancer. [Display omitted] • Gastric cancer stem cells (MCSCs) serves as a linchpin in the genesis and progression of gastric cancer. • This dual functionalization enhances the uptake of polygonal magnetic nanoparticles (PMNPs) by gastric cancer stem cells. • Under a rotating magnetic field of 15 Hz, PMNPs induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in MCSCs by disrupting cellular structures. • The PMNPs system showed remarkable efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo and has significant biocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
01683659
Volume :
373
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Journal of Controlled Release
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
179498487
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.041