Slope failure behaviour and characteristic in gold and coal mines based on slope stability radar data.

The risk of slope failures is one of the main challenges in an open pit mining operation because it can have a significant impact on the financial and work safety of mining personnel. Implementing a monitoring system by using Slope Stability Radar (SSR) is one strategy to reduce the risk of slope failure. Slope monitoring technology using Slope Stability Radar (SSR) can provide early information in real time and accurately to users regarding changes in rock mass behaviour as one of the warning parameters of failure. Each open pit mine with different rock types and mining commodities requires a thorough understanding of the behaviour and characteristics of slope failure. This paper discusses the behaviour and characteristics of slope failures using 129 failure data that have been successfully detected by SSR in several gold and coal mines in Australia, Canada, and Indonesia. Failure data depicts changes in slope deformation behaviour, starting from linear deformation, progressive deformation with exponentially increasing acceleration and ending with failure events. The data is then statistically analysed based on the velocity, inverse velocity, and time to failure (warning time) data to determine the general behavioural response of failures in coal and gold mines. This paper is intended to be a consideration and reference for geotechnical personnel to understand rock mass behaviour in order to provide an adequate notification period prior to failures with appropriate alarm threshold, that could increase efficiency and safety values in slope stability monitoring activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]