A comprehensive review of quality of experience for emerging video services.

The recent advances in multimedia technology have significantly expanded the range of audio–visual applications. The continuous enhancement of display quality has led to the emergence of new attributes in video, such as enhanced visual immersion and widespread availability. Within media content, the video signals are presented in various formats including stereoscopic/3D, panoramic/360°and holographic images. The signals are also combined with other sensory elements, such as audio, tactile, and olfactory cues, creating a comprehensive multi-sensory experience for the user. The development of both qualitative and quantitative Quality of Experience (QoE) metrics is crucial for enhancing the subjective experience in immersive scenarios, providing valuable guidelines for system enhancement. In this paper, we review the most recent achievements in QoE assessment for immersive scenarios, summarize the current challenges related to QoE issues, and present outlooks of QoE applications in these scenarios. The aim of our overview is to offer a valuable reference for researchers in the domain of multimedia delivery. • Summarizes immersion, interaction, and interconnection factors in video services. • Reviews QoE assessment methods for video services focusing on key experience factors. • Explores trends and challenges in QoE research for emerging video services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]