Optical transmission trajectories in single tapered fibers of TOFA by numerical simulation and experimental verification.

• Based on temperature field simulation and validation, as well as taper contour simulation and validation, this study proposed a method that effectively simulated the light transmission trajectories of a single fiber in tapered optical fibers. • The findings in this article provided insight into how the behavior of individual tapered fibers in a tapered optical fiber array affected imaging quality, and consequently provided theoretical design for eliminating halo defects and improving the uniformity of light transmission. • The transmittance and uniformity of TOFA were tested using self-developed transmittance detection equipment, providing a method for verifying simulation results. Tens of millions or billions of single tapered fibers are independent optical transmission elements of tapered optical fiber array (TOFA) for imaging. The optical transmission trajectories of these single tapered fibers, which directly affect imaging qualities of TOFA, are rarely analyzed. This paper provides a method to numerically simulate it for fibers located at different positions along the radial direction of TOFA. The tapered curves of TOFA were firstly simulated by Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software and experimentally verified by the same preparation parameters. It is shown that the slope of tapered curve increases with stretching length. Meanwhile, the taper angle gets greater, and the profile of tapered deformation zone expands outward, while the radius of straight zone remains stable. Based on these, the optical transmission trajectory of single tapered fibers located from center to edge in TOFA was simulated, and then further verified by a self-developed instrument. Both simulation and experiment illustrate that the relative transmittance of single tapered optical fiber is decreased along the radial direction within the same TOFA. In comparison with the transmittance of the central axial fiber, the simulated and experimental unevenness on relative transmittance of peripheral fibers is within 7.11% and 9.74%, respectively. With the relative transmittance at the central position of the optical fiber being identical, the difference of relative transmittance (Δ T) between the simulation and experiment is gradually increased from center to peripheral regions along the radial direction of TOFA, reaching the maximum Δ T of 4.23%. The simulated results are well in agreement with the experimental ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]