Myxobolus dabryi n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) Infecting the Gills of Chanodichthys dabryi, Bleeker, 1871 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Hunan Province, China †.

Simple Summary: Myxozoa is an important metazoan parasite, with approximately 2600 species reported around the world. However, their diversity is still largely underestimated, particularly for those of the Culters, where only 15 species have been previously reported in China. Thus, an investigation into the diversity of myxozoans in Culters was conducted, and a new species belonging to Myxobolus was found. Through comprehensive morphological comparisons and molecular analyses with closely related species, we designated it a new Myxobolus species and named it Myxobolus darbryi n. sp. Culters are a popular and economically important carnivorous freshwater fish, widely distributed in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs in China. An investigation of Myxozoa was conducted to enhance the understanding of Myxozoan diversity in Culters in China, as only 15 Myxosporean species have been previously reported in 6 Culters species. A new species with typical Myxobolus characteristics was discovered exclusively in the gills of Chanodichthys dabryi, Bleeker, 1871, and no other species were found in other Culters fish or organs. The new species elicited whitish plasmodia in the serosa layer of the gill arch, with no distinct inflammatory reaction observed. This species is morphologically different from all reported Myxobolus spp. from Culters, differing in plasmodium and spore size, as well as the coils of polar filaments. Molecular analysis further supports that it does not match any sequences available in GenBank. Therefore, we identified it as a new species and named it Myxobolus dabryi n. sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]