Merging public transport networks into one: the case of the city of Tver.

The study explores the dynamics of public transport regulation, deregulation, and reform within the context of Tver in Russia. As developing nations face increased transportation demand and industrialized regions grapple with environmental concerns policymakers are challenged to choose appropriate regulatory frameworks. Historically, different stages of economic development have led to diverse approaches, ranging from publicly owned enterprises to natural monopoly regulation. Primary objective of the study is to conduct a spatial analysis of the new public transport route network in Tver and its suburb, examining alterations, accessibility, and travel times. To achieve this, methodologies, and data parameters such as Geographic Information System (GIS) tools for spatial analysis, creation of buffer zones around public transport stops to assess accessibility, population coverage analysis to understand the demographic impact, and isochrones mapping to evaluate changes in travel times and accessibility were employed. These methods allowed for a detailed assessment of the network's alterations, accessibility, and the impact on travel times following the transfer of planning authority. Additionally, population access to transport services was assessed through demographic coverage analysis, determining the proportion of the population within a designated distance from stops. These quantifications provided insights into the effects of transferring planning authority on the regional public transport system's accessibility and efficiency. Tver's experience illustrates the potential outcomes of transport reform, with intracity and intraregional routes merged into a unified passenger transportation system. This transformation holds promise for regional development. In summary, this study offers insights into public transport regulation and reform dynamics, using the Tver case to analyze the consequences for accessibility and service quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]