HIPOACUSIA NEUROSENSORIAL Y ALTERACIÓN VESTIBULAR.

Introduction and Objective: Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficiency at birth, and its association with vestibular dysfunction in children has been well-established. The primary aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between these two sensory deficits, their overall impact on children's development, and to establish a simple and effective screening protocol for clinical practice. Method: We conducted a comprehensive narrative literature review. Results: Our review includes a total of 41 publications focused on neurosensorial hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in the paediatric population. Discussion: Our findings indicate that children with more significant hearing loss are at a higher risk of experiencing vestibular dysfunction. Certain specific conditions, such as congenital cytomegalovirus, inner ear malformations, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders, sudden hearing loss, ototoxicity, and cochlear implants, are more frequently associated with both hearing loss and balance alterations. To ensure accurate diagnosis and referral to the diagnostic protocol, the evaluation of vestibular dysfunction must consider the patient's age and include assessments of motor development and balance. For young children, vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials and the head impulse test are the most well-tolerated tests. Conclusions: Early recognition of signs indicating vestibular dysfunction in children with neurosensorial hearing loss is crucial. Prompt diagnosis and early intervention are essential to minimize the impact on their quality of life and overall development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]