New Technology of Rumen-Protected Bypass Lysine Encapsulated in Lipid Matrix of Beeswax and Carnauba Wax and Natural Tannin Blended for Ruminant Diets.

Simple Summary: Using bypass protein in ruminants' diets is crucial as it allows essential amino acids, like lysine, to escape rumen degradation and be absorbed in the intestine. This improves protein utilization and enhances growth, milk production, and overall animal health, leading to more efficient and sustainable livestock farming. This study explores the use of beeswax (BW) and carnauba wax (CW) lipid matrices to create bypass lysine (Lys) for ruminants, with tannins from Mimosa tenuiflora hay enhancing the protection of Lys. The research tested eight microencapsulated treatments with varying tannin levels (0%, 1%, 2%; 3%) using the fusion–emulsification technique. The results showed that adding tannins improved the microencapsulation yield and efficiency. Among the treatments, CWLys3% demonstrated the highest efficiency in retaining Lys and provided superior protection against rumen degradation. Our study demonstrated the efficiency of encapsulating the material (bypass protein) and making it available for the nutrition and growth of sheep. Future studies should determine what levels can be added to the diet and the consequences of using Lys bypass on the digestion and metabolism of sheep. Tannins are compounds present in forage plants that, in small quantities in the diet of ruminants, produce protein complexes that promote passage through the rumen and use in the intestine. This study tested the hypothesis that beeswax (BW) and carnauba wax (CW) lipid matrices are effective encapsulants for creating bypass lysine (Lys) for ruminants, with tannin extracted from the Mimosa tenuiflora hay source enhancing material protection. Microencapsulated systems were made using the fusion–emulsification technique with a 2:1 shell-to-core ratio and four tannin levels (0%, 1%, 2%; 3%). The following eight treatments were tested: BWLys0%, BWLys1%, BWLys2%, BWLys3%, CWLys0%, CWLys1%, CWLys2%, and CWLys3%. Tannin inclusion improved microencapsulation yield and efficiency. CWLys3% had the highest microencapsulation efficiency and retained Lys. Lysine in BW and CW matrices showed higher thermal stability than in its free form. Material retention was greater in BW than CW. Rumen pH and temperature remained unaffected, indicating that BW and CW as the shell and tannin as the adjuvant are efficient encapsulants for Lys bypass production. The formulation CWLys3% is recommended as it is more efficient in protecting the lysin amino acid from rumen degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]