Efecto del biocarbón enriquecido con Trichoderma asperellum Samuels, Lieckfeldt &Nirenberg sobre el desarrollo de Solanum lycopersicum (L.) y parasitismo por Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid y White) Chitwood.

The objective of the work was to evaluate the combined effect of five biochars and Trichoderma asperellum Samuels, Lieckfeldt & Nirenberg, on stimulation of tomato seedlings and their action on Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood under semi-controlled conditions. The biochars were produced using Kon-Tiki technology. The substrates, containing: red ferralitic soil: organic fertilizer (cow manure): biochar at a 2:1:1 (w/w/w) ratio, were prepared independently. For the trial, 60-cell rooting ball trays, with 65 g of substrate each, were used. At sowing, the biochars were inoculated with a suspension of T. asperellum (Ta.13) (1x107 conidia.ml-1) at a rate of 5 ml per cell. Uninoculated controls were included for each biochar. The trays were randomly distributed. After 30 days, the following parameters were evaluated: length of plant aerial part and root, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh weight of aerial part and root; the presence of Trichoderma in soil and root was also examined. For the study under semi-controlled conditions, five seedlings were transplanted with selected biochar+Trichoderma), and the corresponding controls, into pots containing five kg of sterile substrate (soil: cow manure, 1:1 w/w) previously inoculated with 500 juveniles (J2) from a pure population of M. incognita and left for 60 days. Finally, the above mentioned parameters and the galling index were evaluated. The mixture of rice biochar and Trichoderma was an optimal substrate with positive effects on the agronomic parameters of tomato seedlings. Compared with the control, it showed a significant reduction of the galling index in pots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]