Estimation of In vitro Acaricidal Activities of Ethanolic and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Nicotiana tabacum against Hyalomma species of Livestock.

Ticks are ectoparasites belonging to the phylum Arachnida infesting humans and animals. Besides their parasitic role, ticks also spread multiple bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases because of their vector role. Hyalomma is a major genus of ticks containing species of zoonotic and pathogenic significance. Control of the ticks is the primary importance, but chemical acaricides are being avoided because of resistance and one health-related issue. In this study, acaricidal and repellent activities of the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) have been evaluated against the ticks of Hyalomma genus. Each extract was serially diluted to have 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10% concentrations. The parameters taken were adult mortality, larval mortality, egg hatchability and product effectiveness. The results suggested that the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts had statistically comparable (P>0.05) effects on adult mortality (tick immersion), larval mortality (larval immersion test), egg hatchability and tick repellency parameters. This research also revealed that extracts of N. tabacum were also comparable to (P>0.05) standard medicated control at the highest concentrations. Ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts had significantly (P<0.05) different acaricidal effects from the blank control at 10% concentration. This research suggests that the N. tabacum can be used as an acaricidal and tick-repellent agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]