Use of physio-chemically fabricated <italic>Musa paradisiaca</italic> mulch for Congo Red dye sorptive detoxification in an eco-friendly way from water.

AbstractIn this work, the biowaste of <italic>Musa paradisiaca</italic> (Banana) was used for removing contaminants from water by adsorption on a batch scale using Congo red (CR) dye as a test case. Although banana peel adsorbents have been the subject of much research for a range of applications, including the removal of colors from wastewater, our study differs from others in that we treated the banana peel adsorbent with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which significantly enhanced its performance when compared to untreated banana peel powder. By eliminating organic contaminants, discoloring the sample, inhibiting the growth of bacteria or fungi, and raising the quantity of active sites accessible for dye adsorption, the H2O2 treatment increases efficiency. The results indicated that optimal conditions for CR dye removal with physio-chemically processed <italic>Musa paradisiaca</italic> biowaste were: pH 3, adsorbent dose 0.4 g, temperature 30 °C, and contact time 25 min. Equilibrium data were evaluated with isothermal and kinetic models, indicating that the data followed second-order kinetics with a correlation coefficient of <italic>R</italic>2 = 0.995 with a maximum dye removal of 8.577 mg/g. Furthermore, the study found that CR dye removal was physiochemical and exothermic process, as confirmed by the experimental data, with a ΔGo of −6.992 kJ/mol. The results of this study suggest that this fabricated material of <italic>Musa paradisiaca</italic> biowaste could be a potential alternative for large-scale Congo red dye elimination from industrial effluents. This is both a sustainable and cost-effective solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]