The carrot cyst nematode <italic>Heterodera carotae</italic>: a major plant-parasitic nematode requiring more investigation.

The present study reviews the knowledge to date on the carrot cyst nematode <italic>Heterodera carotae</italic>, which has become the primary threat to the carrot sector following the withdrawal of the last chemical soil fumigants in Europe. A keyword co-occurrence network was used to structure this review into five research areas: <italic>i</italic>) biology and epidemiology of <italic>H. carotae</italic>; <italic>ii</italic>) molecular identification and phylogeny; <italic>iii</italic>) population genetics and genomics; <italic>iv</italic>) control methods and strategies; and <italic>v</italic>) root exudates and hatching stimulation. Our findings indicate that <italic>H. carotae</italic> is an under-studied plant-parasitic nematode species, with several identified alternative control methods that require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]