Metabolic Risk Factors and Survival in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Simple Summary: Metabolic syndrome has been associated with systemic cancers but its association with patients with glioblastoma is unclear. This study retrospectively examined patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma and demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in glioblastoma patients (41%) compared to the general population (33%). However, after adjusting for confounders, metabolic syndrome is not significantly linked to overall survival (p = 0.1). Nonetheless, the accumulation of metabolic risk factors correlates with decreased survival (p = 0.03), with hyperglycemia identified as a significant independent risk factor (p = 0.05). These findings suggest that while metabolic syndrome may not affect survival significantly, hyperglycemia does. This highlights the need for further research and targeted clinical management. Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing various systemic cancers. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients is unknown. Further, there have been contradictory reports about how metabolic syndrome affects clinical outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased prevalence of glioblastoma and worsened survival outcomes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study examines seventy-three patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type glioblastoma as it provides a relatively homogeneous population to examine. Patient characteristics, vital signs, lab results, tumor molecular markers, and overall survival were analyzed. Patients with metabolic syndrome and individual risk factors were identified, and survival outcomes were examined. Results: Our results demonstrate that there is a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our cohort of patients with glioblastoma than in the general population (41% vs. 33%), though this effect is confounded by older age. We also demonstrate that after correction for confounding variables, metabolic syndrome is not significantly associated with overall survival (p = 0.1). When analyzing individual metabolic risk factors, we demonstrate that there is a significant association between the accumulation of metabolic risk factors and decreased survival (p = 0.03), and hyperglycemia emerges as a significant independent risk factor for decreased survival (p = 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that metabolic risk factors can affect survival in patients with glioblastoma, which can have significant implications for clinical practice. These findings need to be further explored through further clinical and mechanistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]