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Structural diversity, evolutionary origin, and metabolic engineering of plant specialized benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.

Authors :
Tian, Ya
Kong, Lingzhe
Li, Qi
Wang, Yifan
Wang, Yongmiao
An, Zhoujie
Ma, Yuwei
Tian, Lixia
Duan, Baozhong
Sun, Wei
Gao, Ranran
Chen, Shilin
Xu, Zhichao
Source :
Natural Product Reports. Nov2024, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p1787-1810. 24p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Covering: up to June 2024 Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) represent a diverse class of plant specialized metabolites derived from L -tyrosine, exhibiting significant pharmacological properties such as anti-microbial, anti-spasmodic, anti-cancer, cardiovascular protection, and analgesic effects. The industrial production of valuable BIAs relies on extraction from plants; however, challenges concerning their low concentration and efficiency hinder drug development. Hence, alternative approaches, including biosynthesis and chemoenzymatic synthesis, have been explored. Model species like Papaver somniferum and Coptis japonica have played a key role in unraveling the biosynthetic pathways of BIAs; however, many aspects, particularly modified steps like oxidation and methylation, remain unclear. Critical enzymes, e.g., CYP450s and methyltransferases, play a substantial role in BIA backbone formation and modification, which is essential for understanding the origin and adaptive evolution of these plant specialized metabolites. This review comprehensively analyzes the structural diversity of reported BIAs and their distribution in plant lineages. In addition, the progress in understanding biosynthesis, evolution, and catalytic mechanisms underlying BIA biosynthesis is summarized. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges in metabolic engineering, providing valuable insights into BIA drug development and the sustainable utilization of BIA-producing plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
02650568
Volume :
41
Issue :
11
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Natural Product Reports
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
180820246
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1039/d4np00029c