Evaluation of static and rolling friction coefficients of granulated sugar using the discrete element method in a rolling mode rotating drum.

Purpose: This research investigates the behavior of granulated sugar particles of different sizes in a rotating drum at varying speeds, using the discrete element method (DEM) as a mathematical modeling approach. Design/methodology/approach: The study conducted a data scan to determine both static and rolling friction coefficients. Based on benchmark studies, the Hertz–Mindlin contact model with rolling history elastic-plastic spring-dashpot (EPSD) and CDT (directional constant torque) models were employed to simulate the behavior of granulated sugar particles in a rotating drum under varying speeds. Findings: In this research, the static and rolling friction coefficients presented the best values for granulated sugar near 0.60 and 1.5, respectively, applying the CDT model. The method demonstrated great accuracy in replicating experimental data. Originality/value: This study enables comprehension of the behavior of the particles and particle system in a rotating drum at different speeds. The method may develop models that characterize and predict the main effects of particle systems to reduce project time and expense, especially in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]