Investigation the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid contents of wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) fruit and leaf extracts.

Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris, belonging to Vitis family and one of indigenous plants of Iran, was collected from Miankalleh. In this research, different plant extracts (methanol, water, chloroform, ethyl acetate) were obtained from leaves and fruits of wild grapes. The yield of extracts was determined. Also, total phenol and total flavonoid content of the extracts were analyzed and the antioxidant activity of the extracts were assessed using DPPH radical (2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) methods. Our investigation showed that the highest extraction yields was related to aqueous extract with values of 14.35% for leaves and 12.71% for plant fruits. The total phenolic content of the fruit was higher than the leaf. Also, the methanolic extracts had the higher total phenolic content than other extracts of leaf (2.9 ± 0.25 mg/g) and fruit (12.3 ± 0.1 mg/g). The total flavonoid content of the methanolic extract of the fruit was obtained: 9.7 ± 0.03 mgGAE/g dried plant, which showed the highest amount. Investigation of the antioxidant activity using DPPH assay revealed that the aqueous extract of leaf with IC50 of 26.74 ± 0.12 µg/mL had the best antioxidant activity. The methanolic extract of the leaf was more potent than other extracts in FRAP assay. In conclusion, the phytochemical analysis of leaf and fruit of wild grapes showed that the methanolic extract had the best antioxidant potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]