CUMHURİYETİN İLANINDAN DEMOKRAT PARTİ İKTİDARINA KADAR TÜRK BASINI.

The first censorship intended to the Turkish Press took place with the Printing Press Regulation dated February 8, 1857, before the establishment of the Republic. With this Regulation, the Turkish press entered a new era. In order to publish a newspaper, some stipulations were imposed; the manuscripts of the newspaper were to be shown before publication and many other stipulations were also introduced. The ordinance remained in force until the Printing Law in 1909. This Ordinance was followed with the Ali Decree issued by the Grand Vizier Ali Pasha in 1867. Though this decree was issued temporarily, no matter which government came to power until 1909, they did not hesitate to use the decree in their own way and censor the press. During the reign of Abdülhamid II, the press entered a period of serious silence, while during the First and Second Constitutional Periods, there was a slight relief on the press. In both the National Struggle and the first period of the establishment of the Republic, the support of the press was given importance, and it was tried to provide support to the newly established state by granting partial freedoms to the press. When the criticisms made with the political and economic problems that emerged during World War II began to target the government, newspaper closure decisions were frequently implemented. The Soviet demands occurring in the new world order were also reflected in the press, and it was seen that both the pro-government and the opposition-supporting press expressed common ideas against the Soviet demands. Although the censorship on the press seemed to be relatively abolished after 1946, the control of the press continued after the criticism of the pro-opposition press. The press was always seen as a tool to direct public opinion and its influence on the transition to a multiparty system cannot be ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]