Managing the bottom line: risk management in policing.

Purpose - To present qualitative data illustrating how some of the largest law enforcement agencies in the USA use risk management in their efforts to control police liability. Design/methodology/approach - To explore this topic, two main data sources were utilized: telephone interviews with 354 law enforcement agencies identified the prevalence of the use of risk management by police agencies; and survey data from police agencies provided descriptive information about the roles, duties, and placement of risk managers within each police organization. Findings - Telephone interviews revealed that 14 of the 354 (0.039 percent) law enforcement agencies identified risk management as one of several tools they use to control police-related liability within their organizations. This finding is surprising, given the increase in costs associated with settlements/payouts for police-involved litigation and liability claims over the past few decades. Research limitations/implications - Future research should identify the reasons why police agencies choose not to use risk management in their police liability management efforts. In addition, future research should explore how the characteristics of city government and/or political culture are associated with the use of risk management by law enforcement agencies. Practical implications - This paper can serve as a basic resource for police scholars and practitioners, city/county attorneys, risk managers, and various other city/county agents that are interested in learning about risk management as a way to manage police liability. Originality/value - This paper presents the first national study of risk management in police agencies in the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]