Institutional Requisites for Flexible Policy Instruments: Environmental Policy in the United States and Russia.

The article focuses on research of policy instruments in the U.S. and Russia. It argues that the development of policy instruments is conditioned through the subsisting institutional practices, the source of policy provisions, and the place and nature of environmental policy authority. The historical institutional and comparative analyses, and the theories of governmental regulation and instrumental approaches in public policy of both countries are also discussed.